Soil salinity is one of the major constraints affecting rice production worldwide, especially in the coastal areas. Molecular breeding to improve salt tolerance of rice oryza. Evaluation of salinity tolerance in rice genotypes article pdf available in international journal of plant production 43. Stress and disease tolerance irri rice knowledge bank. However, the production and the cultivating areas are adversely affected from the threats of devastation caused by the rise of sea level. Chlorophyll, reproductive stage, rice, salt stress. Development of varieties with improved salt tolerance in major field crops is an urgent need to maintain crop productivity in different parts of the world.
Salinity effects on seedling growth and yield components of rice. Calciumalleviated salt tolerance in indica rice oryza sativa l. Salinity effects on seedling growth and yield components. Improvement of salt tolerance in rice oryza sativa l. Salt stress of 15 dsm was applied to one set of rice seedlings under controlled conditions. One set was grown as a control nonstress and other as salt stressed. Do not use sodic irrigation water or alternate between sodic and nonsodic irrigation water sources. Pyramiding qtls controlling tolerance against drought, salinity, and. Salinity effects on seedling growth and yield components of rice linghe zeng and michael c. Mohammad rashed hossain a thesis submitted to the university of birmingham for the degree of doctor of philosophy. It is a major agronomic problem in arid and semiarid regions of the world. It was thus possible to improve the genetic tolerance of rice varieties to salinity by adopting various breeding methods. The funds were provided under the scheme of university advanced research. Screening rice varieties for salinity tolerance by department.
In general, rice can tolerate a small amount of saltwater without compromising the growth and. In many asian countries, rice crops are prone to destruction by flooding. Saltol qtl and their role in salinity tolerance in rice. Nov 18, 2011 submergence tolerance is an important trait where short term flash flooding damages rice. However, due to large confidence interval for the position of qtls, utility of reported qtls and the associated markers has been limited in rice breeding programs. Salinity, however, compromises seedling establishment. The low n use efficiency of lowland rice is associated with its loss by several mechanisms in the soilplant systems. However, rice is very sensitive to salinity and is the most salt sensitive cereal crop with a threshold of 3 dsm. Overexpressing a nam, ataf, and cuc nac transcription. Modifying sodium transport to improve salinity tolerance.
As the number of data with salinity ece 7 dsm is small, the salt tolerance of rice cannot be exactly found, but it is at least. In this investigation, we used a rice line rz35 derived from introgressive hybridization between rice oryza sativa l. The extent of salinity varies depending upon the plant growth stage. Shannon flood irrigation practices that are commonly used in california et al. Soil salinity is an increasingly prominent threat to crop yields. The present study was conducted to develop abiotic stresstolerant rice genotypes in. Evaluation of salt tolerance in rice genotypes by multiple agronomic. Indraprastha university, india corresponding author. Salinity is one of the many abiotic stresses limiting rice production worldwide.
Thus, an attractive breeding strategy could be to combine salinityadaptive traits from wild rice through gene pyramiding in popular varieties and. Feb 12, 2014 sub1 confers tolerance of complete submergence in rice 1970s. Niab 6, bg 4024, basmati 370, and ir 1561 with different salt tolerance were grown in yoshida nutrient solution without and with 100mol m3 nacl. Nitrogen use efficiency by flooded rice is less than 50% fageria et al, 2001, 2005.
Introgression as a means of generating phenotypic novelty, including altered stress tolerance, is increasingly being recognized as common. Engineering salinity tolerance in rice by exogenous expression of cell death regulators v list of publications and conferences thi my linh hoang, brett williams, harjeet khanna, james dale and sagadevan g. Acknowledgements this research was supported by universitas jember. Hairmansis et al 2014 used a nondestructive imagebased phenotyping protocol to assess salt tolerance traits of two rice varieties ir64 and fatmawati, and the response of rice to salinity 50, 75 and 100 mmoll nacl could be clearly distinguished from the control as. Salinity and salt tolerance improvements in thai rice 47 saline soil inhibits rice germination at salinit y l evel20 ds m 1 hakim et al. Effects of salinity stress on growth, chlorophyll content and. Physiological basis of salt stress tolerance in rice expressing the antiapoptotic gene sfiap. Prediction of salt tolerance in rice oryza sativa based. For rice, soil salinity beyond ece 4 dsm is considered moderate salinity while more than 8 dsm becomes high. Pdf improvement of salinity stress tolerance in rice.
The local landraces adapted to extremes in water availability could be the sources of. New phenotyping technique for salinity tolerance at reproductive stage in rice. Rice is a stable food in vietnam and plays a key role in the economy of the country. Physiological and morphological changes suriyan 2chaum 1, harminder pal singh, thapanee samphumphuang 1, chalermpol kirdmanee 1. Despite many attempts using different strategies to improve salinity tolerance in rice. These mechanisms can also be further classified into ion exclusion, osmotic tolerance and tissue tolerance roy et al.
Rice plants generally tolerate salt by mainly two mechanisms, ion exclusion and osmotic tolerance munns and tester, 2008. The effect of brassinosteroid treatment on the salinity tolerance of rice during the seedling stage involved seed. Improvement of salt tolerance in some varieties of rice by ascorbic acid application wan. Rice plants were grown in waterlogged conditions, to represent this aspect of irrigated rice fields that should be included in salinity tolerance studies, as the effects of hypoxia on salinity. Concentration of sodium, calcium, zinc, phosphorus and chloride increased while that of potassium and magnesium decreased in the shoot sap when rice plant was exposed to naci.
Cell wallrelated genes and expansins article pdf available june 2017 with 275 reads how we measure reads. Salt stress imposes serious limitation to the plant growth and productivity and is considered a major threat to global food security. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen uptake, nitrogen. Tagging and validation of ssr markers to salinity tolerance. Salinity 50 mm nacl resulted in a modest 15% increase in atp production in anoxia. Improved salinity tolerance of rice through cell type. Screening for salt tolerance in rice 101 screening at seedling stage seeds of each line were sown in plasticcoated galvanizediron trays 60 x 30 x 5 cm, filled with silica gravel 4 mm diameter.
Worldwide rice is grown on some 400 million hectares of salt affected land. Excess salinity in soil is one of the major environmental factors that limit plant growth and yield of a wide variety of crops including rice. The skc1 gene controls the amount of sodium a component of salt that builds up in rice plants as they grow. Tolerance trait is often associated with quantitative trait loci qtls that have been challenging to isolate.
Molecular and genetic aspects of plant responses to osmotic stress. Overexpressing a nam, ataf, and cuc nac transcription factor enhances drought resistance and salt tolerance in rice honghong hu, mingqiu dai, jialing yao, benze xiao, xianghua li, qifa zhang, and lizhong xiong national key laboratory of crop genetic improvement, national center of plant gene research wuhan and college of life science and technology. It has been estimated that a large portion of the worlds population depends wholly or partially on rice for its calorie intake. Mapping of salt tolerance qtls in introgression lines.
Pdf evaluation of salinity tolerance in rice genotypes. Rice oryza sativa can germinate and emerge from anoxic, flooded soils. Identification of candidate genes associated with salt tolerance. Waziri a, kumar p and purty rs university school of biotechnology, guru gobind singh. The grain yields were collected in 1981 and 1982 in the village mit loza. In general, rice can tolerate a small amount of saltwater without compromising the growth and yield. A handful of lines are known to be tolerant, and a small number of these have been used extensively as donors in breeding programs.
Apr 16, 20 scientists have successfully bred a rice variety that is salttolerant, which could enable farmers to reclaim coastal areas rendered useless by sea water, a philippinebased institute said tuesday. Bils exhibited enhanced tolerance against salinity during germination and. To date most screens for salt tolerance rely on plant performance in stressed conditions. Rice is a salinity sensitive crop, but the level of salinity tolerance varies in different varieties of rice 10. Susceptibility or tolerance of rice plants to high salinity is a coordinated action of multiple stress responsive genes. The present research was conducted to evaluate five rice varieties for salinity tolerance at seedling stage. Four simple sequence repeats ssr markers rm493, rm10793, rm3412 and rm10791 found in the saltol locus in chromosome 1 were used for molecular analysis. Saltol qtl and their role in salinity tolerance in rice austin. Molecular dissection of seedling salinity tolerance in rice. Anamul hoque1, 1department of soil science, bangladesh agricultural university, mymensingh2202, bangladesh. Physiological and morphological changes suriyan 2chaum1, harminder pal singh, thapanee samphumphuang1, chalermpol kirdmanee1 1national center for. Leach the soil after planting under intermittent submergence to remove. Rice seedling tolerance of salinity and anoxic conditions.
Submerge the field for two to four weeks before planting rice. Salt is a major abiotic stress threatening crop plants such as rice. Tolerance to salt is complex and regulated by numerous genetic and nongenetic factors. This article describes the ability to screen for salt tolerance in nonstressed conditions. Pdf salinity tolerance in rice as affected by application of abscisic. Background salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting yield in many parts of the world. Attempts to improve salt tolerance of crops through conventional breeding have not been very successful due to the complexity of the trait. In addition to conventional breeding, other innovative breeding techniques such as tissue culture, induced mutations and wide crosses needed to be. Rice genotypes with sub1 qtl differ in submergence.
Drought tolerance and aerobic rice breeding at irri international rice research institute learning objectives what is the problem. Effects of salinity stress on growth, chlorophyll content. School of biosciences the university of birmingham august, 20. Shannon abstract reduction were observed scardaci et al. New phenotyping technique for salinity tolerance at. For salinity levels exceed 4, the conversion of rice culture to rice shrimp rotational farming is an adaptation strategy to improve farmers income and livelihoods. Genetic dissection of salt tolerance in rice louisiana. Progress in breeding rice with salt tolerance is slow due to genetic complexity of salinity tolerance flowers and flowers 2005. Two lines were selected from the gal4gfp enhancer trap library described previously, one with gfp fluorescence specifically within the xylem parenchyma of the root asg f03 figures s1a and s1b, and one with gfp fluorescence specifically within the cortical cell layer of. Overexpression of rice expansin7 osexpa7 confers enhanced. Concentration of sodium, calcium, zinc, phosphorus and chloride increased while that of potassium and magnesium decreased in the shoot sap when rice plant was exposed to naci salt stress. International journal of molecular sciences article overexpression of rice expansin7 osexpa7 confers enhanced tolerance to salt stress in rice chuluuntsetseg jadamba 1, kiyoon kang 2, namchon paek 2, soo in lee 3, and soocheul yoo 1, 1 crop molecular breeding laboratory, department of plant life and environmental science, hankyong national university, jungangro, anseongsi, gyeonggido.
Calciumalleviated salt tolerance in indica rice oryza. Assessment of salinity tolerance in rice using seedling based. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance in rice oryza sativa l. This study aims to establish rice as a crop model for salt. Salinity tolerance loci revealed in rice using highthroughput noninvasive phenotyping. Goals objectives the overall goal of this proposal is to unravel the genetic basis of salt tolerance mechanisms operating in rice and exploit this information to accelerate breeding of rice varieties with improved salt tolerance. Disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance in rice are inversely modulated by an abscisic acidinducible mitogenactivated protein kinase.
Salt tolerance is an important constrain for rice, which is generally categorized as a typical glycophyte. Tolerant landraces that withstand submergence for 12 weeks were identified. Climatic factors play a major role in the growth and. Several studies were conducted to identify quantitative trait loci qtls for traits associated to salinity tolerance. Breeding for salt tolerance in rice slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The severity of antagonism to the plant growth caused by salinity, as indicated by fw and dw measurements, was lower in salttolerant rice, implying has less influence on the growth of these rice seedlings table 1.
Worldwide rice is grown on some 400 million hectares. Advances in understanding salt tolerance in rice article pdf available in theoretical and applied genetics february 2019 with 852 reads how we measure reads. The dry matter production and the concentration of nutrients in rice oryza sativa l. Sub1 confers tolerance of complete submergence in rice 1970s. Pdf salinity and salt tolerance improvements in thai rice. A rapid screening technique for salt tolerance in rice. Improvement of salt tolerance in some varieties of rice by. In riceupland crop systems, change to doublerice cropping if sufficient water is available and climate allows. Pdf evaluation of salt tolerance in rice genotypes by. Screening rice varieties for salinity tolerance by.
Singh, plant breeder at the international rice research institute, discusses the latest progress in salinty tolerance research in rice. Molecular breeding to improve salt tolerance of rice. Droughtprone lowlands severe seasonlong drought destroyed plantings in upper fields at raipur 2002 kdml 105 under severe lateseason stress in upper field at roi et, thailand oct. Aris hairmansis a thesis submitted for the degree of doctor of philosophy school of agriculture, food and wine faculty of sciences the university of adelaide february 2014. However, these donors use many of the same genes and physiological mechanisms to confer tolerance. For salinity levels exceed 4, the conversion of rice culture to rice shrimp rotational farming is an adaptation strategy to.
Experiment was conducted in triplicate and in two sets. Jul 29, 20 screening rice varieties for salinity tolerance 173. On a quest for donors toward salinity tolerant rice. Pdf rice oryza sativa l is an important staple crop that feeds more than one. Assessment of salinity tolerance in rice using seedling. Modifying sodium transport to improve salinity tolerance of commercial rice cultivars oryza sativa l. Effects of salinity stress on growth, chlorophyll content and ion accumulation in two indica rice oriza sativa l. Some germplasms with high salt tolerance are available. The local landraces adapted to extremes in water availability could be the sources of genetic. Due to the heterogeneity in floodprone ecosystem many different types of traditional rice cultivars are being grown by the farmers.
It was concluded that salinity of 150 mm was used as a salinity threshold tolerance for rice, at least for the six varieties of rice used in the experiment. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Screening six varieties of rice oryzasativa for salinity. Summary of genetic engineering approach for salinity stress tolerance in rice. Submergence tolerance is an important trait where short term flash flooding damages rice. The mechanism of salt tolerance takes place at three levels of organization. Evaluation of salt tolerance in rice genotypes by multiple agronomic parameters article pdf available in euphytica 1272 september 2002 with 168 reads how we measure reads. Salinity tolerance in rice as affected by application of abscisic acid and. Induction of salt tolerance in rice oryza sativa l. Modifying sodium transport to improve salinity tolerance of. Pdf advances in understanding salt tolerance in rice.
Molecular dissection of seedling salinity tolerance. A rapid screening technique for salt tolerance in rice oryza. Considerable genetic variation in salt tolerance among rice varieties exists. Using markerassisted backcrossing mabc to develop a new salt tolerance rice cultivar is one of the feasible methods to cope with these devastating changes. Scientists have successfully bred a rice variety that is salttolerant, which could enable farmers to reclaim coastal areas rendered useless by sea. Improvement of salinity stress tolerance in rice mdpi. Identification and characterization of genes responsible. Physiological basis of salt stress tolerance in rice expressing. Biochemical mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants. Having a naturally occurring gene for salt tolerance means it should be possible for researchers to develop new salttolerant rice varieties using either traditional breeding or genetic engineering techniques. Rice genotypes with sub1 qtl differ in submergence tolerance. Rice nurseries are prepared in may and transplantation occurs in june. Heritable alteration in salttolerance in rice induced by.
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